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Work Visa — VLIC Consulting
Feature
Labour Visa
2014 Law on Immigration · Amended 2019 & 2023 · Immigration Department
A complete legal guide

Labour
Visa

A labour visa is a prerequisite for a foreigner to enter and work lawfully in Vietnam — divided into two types depending on whether or not a work permit is required.

Pursuant to the 2014 Law on Immigration, as amended in 2019 and 2023 — with a maximum validity of 02 years.

4-step visa application process
1
Notifying the sponsorship dossier
The inviting/sponsoring agency, organization, or individual sends a notice with the dossier to the Immigration Department. Done only once — supplementary notice when there is a change.
Immigration Dept. · once
2
Filing the visa request
The inviting/sponsoring body sends the visa request directly to the Immigration Department. It may be sent and the result received via the Immigration e-portal if eligible.
In person / Electronic
3
The Immigration Department reviews & replies
Within 05 working days of receiving the request, the Immigration Department reviews, resolves, and notifies the competent Vietnamese visa-issuing authority abroad.
05 working days
4
The foreigner collects the visa
After receiving the reply, the sponsoring body notifies the foreigner to carry out the procedure to collect the visa at the competent Vietnamese visa-issuing authority abroad.
Vietnamese embassy abroad
02
Labour visa types (LD1 & LD2)
02
Max years of validity
05
Working days to process
10+
Years of experience
01
Visa classification · Clauses 16 & 16a, Article 8 of the Law on Immigration

Two Labour Visa Types
LD1 and LD2 — How Do They Differ?

A labour visa is divided into two types based on whether or not the foreigner is subject to a mandatory work permit — which directly affects the file and the fee.

LD1
LD1 visa
Not Subject to a Work Permit
Issued to foreigners working in Vietnam who have a confirmation of not being subject to a work permit, except where an international treaty to which Vietnam is a party provides otherwise. A work-permit-exemption confirmation from the competent authority is required.
LD2
LD2 visa
Subject to a Work Permit
Issued to foreigners working in Vietnam who are subject to a work permit under the 2019 Labour Code. An LD2 visa applicant must already hold, or be in the process of obtaining, a valid work permit.
$
Fees
Comparing the Fees of the Two Labour Visa Types
LD1 visa (no more than 02 years):
· Single-entry: USD 25/visa
· Multiple-entry: USD 145/visa

LD2 visa (no more than 02 years):
· Multiple-entry: USD 145/visa
"Determining the correct visa type — LD1 or LD2 — from the outset saves the business considerable time and cost, avoiding having to redo the file from scratch upon rejection."
— VLIC Legal Advisory · Experts in visa and work-permit advisory in Vietnam
02
Issuance conditions · Article 10 of the 2014 Law on Immigration (amended 2019)

Conditions for Obtaining a Labour
Visa & the Cases of Refusal

A foreigner must fully meet 04 basic conditions and not fall within any of the cases of an entry ban under Article 21 of the 2014 Law on Immigration.

✓
04 Conditions
that must be met
—A valid passport: A passport or a valid international travel document in effect at the time of entry.
—An inviting/sponsoring body: An agency or organization in Vietnam inviting/sponsoring them — except where the foreigner applies for an e-visa or is requested by an organization with legal personality.
—Not subject to an entry ban: Not falling within the cases of suspended entry under Article 21 of the 2014 Law on Immigration (see details in the right-hand column).
—Holding a work permit: A foreigner entering for work must hold a work permit under the Labour Code — or a confirmation of not being subject to a work permit (for the LD1 visa).
✗
Cases of
suspended entry
—Not meeting the entry conditions under clause 1, Article 20 of the 2014 Law on Immigration.
—Children under 14 without an accompanying parent, guardian, or authorized person.
—Forging documents or making false declarations to obtain documents for entry, exit, or residence.
—Suffering from mental illness or an infectious disease dangerous to public health.
—Expelled from Vietnam within the past 03 years, or compelled to exit within the past 06 months from the date the decision took effect.
—For reasons of epidemic prevention and control, natural disaster, or national defence, security, and social order.
03
Procedural sequence · Fees · Processing time

The Visa Application Procedure &
Detailed Fee Schedule

The inviting/sponsoring agency or organization plays the central role in the entire process — from notifying the dossier to receiving the result and notifying the foreigner.

Step 1 · Once
Notifying the sponsorship dossier
The inviting/sponsoring agency, organization, or individual sends a notice with the dossier to the Immigration Department. Done only 01 time — supplementary notice on any change.
Step 2
Sending the visa request
Send the visa request directly to the Immigration Department or via the Immigration e-portal (if eligible under the regulations).
Step 3 · 05 days
The Immigration Dept. processes & replies
Within 05 working days, the Department reviews, resolves, and notifies the competent Vietnamese visa-issuing authority abroad.
Step 4
The foreigner collects the visa
The sponsoring body notifies the foreigner to carry out the procedure to collect the visa at a Vietnamese Embassy/Consulate in the host country.
Visa type Validity Single-entry Multiple-entry
LD1 No more than 02 years USD 25 USD 145
LD2 No more than 02 years Not applicable USD 145
Important note: A labour visa is valid for up to 02 years — corresponding to the maximum term of the work permit. When the work permit expires or is revoked, the labour visa also ceases to have effect. The two documents need to be renewed in tandem.
Quick reference — Key differences
LD1 vs LD2 — The core difference LD1 is for those with a confirmed work-permit exemption. LD2 is for those who must have a work permit. Determine the correct type before filing — the wrong type will be rejected.
The receiving authority in Vietnam The Immigration Department (Ministry of Public Security) receives and processes all visa requests — not filed at an embassy domestically.
E-visa In some cases, an e-visa may be requested without an inviting/sponsoring body — applicable when requested by an organization with legal personality under Vietnamese law.
Actual processing time 05 working days is the maximum limit prescribed. In practice it may be faster, or take longer if the file needs supplementation or further verification.
Coordination with the work permit The LD2 visa is tied to the work permit — the visa term may not exceed the term stated on the work permit. Both procedures need to be prepared and tracked in tandem.
An End-To-End Service
Advisory → File → Filing with the Immigration Dept. → Receiving the visa
Consultation
Free
Committed in writing
1
Determining the right visa type

Advising on whether the foreign worker falls under an LD1 or LD2 visa; checking eligibility for the work-permit exemption; avoiding the wrong filing that wastes time on redoing the file.

2
Drafting the sponsorship dossier

Preparing the sponsorship-dossier notice and the visa request in the prescribed form; ensuring the content fully meets the Immigration Department's requirements.

3
Filing at the Immigration Dept. on your behalf

Filing the dossier on the sponsoring body's behalf directly at the Immigration Department or via the e-portal; tracking progress and handling any request for supplementation within 05 working days.

4
Coordinating the work permit & LD2 visa

Advising on and handling the work permit and LD2 visa procedures in parallel — ensuring the terms of the two documents match, avoiding the visa expiring before the work permit or vice versa.

5
Guidance on collecting the visa abroad

Once the Immigration Department approves, guiding the foreigner to collect the visa at a Vietnamese Embassy/Consulate in the host country — preparing the correct documents for each authority.

6
Renewal & tracking visa validity

Tracking the visa and work permit terms; reminding and assisting with the renewal procedure in good time before expiry; advising on switching visa types when the labour status in Vietnam changes.

04
Featured clients · Real reviews

Hundreds of Labour Visa Files
Successfully Processed Through VLIC

From technical experts to senior managers — VLIC helps businesses and foreign workers complete labour visa procedures quickly and in line with the regulations.

500+Successful visa files
4.9Rating / 5
97%Satisfaction rate
10+Years of experience
"
★★★★★
We recruited 3 Japanese engineers and weren't sure whether to apply for LD1 or LD2. VLIC immediately determined it was LD2 since all 3 needed a work permit, and handled both procedures in parallel — the visa and work permit were completed at the same time.
"
★★★★★
Our expert is a foreign general director with a confirmed work-permit exemption. VLIC helped apply for the correct LD1 at a fee of USD 25 — faster and cheaper than doing it ourselves.
"
★★★★★
Our expert's labour visa was about to expire and we hadn't noticed. VLIC caught it and handled the renewal in good time, 3 weeks before expiry — avoiding a very stressful residence-breach situation.

Frequently
Asked Questions

Real-world situations businesses and foreign workers commonly encounter when applying for a labour visa in Vietnam.

Ask a consultation question →
Q1 Can a foreigner already on a tourist visa switch to a labour visa? +

In principle, each visa type has its own purpose and cannot be switched automatically. A foreigner on a tourist visa who wants to work in Vietnam must carry out the procedure to obtain a new labour visa (LD1 or LD2 as the case may be), which can be done at the Immigration Department domestically or at a Vietnamese embassy abroad. VLIC advises for free on the most suitable route.

Q2 If an LD2 visa expires before the work permit, can the worker keep working? +

No. When the visa expires, the foreigner no longer has lawful residence status in Vietnam — even if the work permit is still valid. The visa must be renewed before expiry. In practice, an LD2 visa's term is issued to match the work permit's term — if there is a discrepancy, contact VLIC for timely advice on handling it.

Q3 Which agencies or organizations may act as sponsor for a labour visa? +

Any agency, organization, or individual in Vietnam may act as inviting sponsor. For an e-visa, the inviting organization must have legal personality under Vietnamese law — including businesses, foreign-trader branches, and representative offices of foreign economic organizations. An individual sponsor must clearly establish their status and follow a separate procedure.

Q4 Can a labour visa be multiple-entry? How much does it cost? +

Yes — both LD1 and LD2 can be multiple-entry. For LD1: single-entry is USD 25, multiple-entry is USD 145. For LD2: there is only the multiple-entry type at USD 145/visa. Workers who travel frequently should choose the multiple-entry type to avoid reapplying on each entry and exit.

Q5 Can a foreigner who was compelled to exit reapply for a labour visa right away? +

No. Under Article 21 of the 2014 Law on Immigration, a person expelled from Vietnam within the past 03 years, or compelled to exit within the past 06 months from the date the decision took effect, is not yet permitted to enter. Only after this ban period ends may the person apply for a visa again under the ordinary procedure.

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